高店子幅水化学特征及水质评价

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment of Surface Water and Groundwater in Gaodianzi Map-Area

为查明高店子幅地表水和地下水的水化学特征及水环境质量现状,为区域水资源保护与开发提供理论依据,运用数理统计分析、模糊综合评价和灌溉水水质评价方法对研究区地表水和地下水进行了分析与评价。研究结果表明:研究区地表水水化学组分波动较大,地下水水化学组分相对较为稳定。地表水水化学类型主要为重碳酸硫酸-钙镁型水和重碳酸-钙镁型水;地下水水化学类型主要为重碳酸-钙镁型水和重碳酸硫酸-钠钙镁型水。研究区地表水和地下水水力联系密切,水中主要离子组分来自于盐岩、石膏和碳酸盐的风化溶滤,另外还存在阳离子交换作用、蒸发浓缩作用和人类活动的共同影响。饮用水水质评价表明,54.5%的地表水和71.4%的地下水适于饮用或基本适于饮用,地下水水质稍好于地表水水质;灌溉水水质评价表明,研究区地表水和地下水均适于灌溉,合理灌溉不会造成盐害和碱害。

For investigating the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater,multivariate statistics,fuzzy membership analysis and irrigation water assessment methods are used to study the hydrochemical characteristics and assess the quality of surface water and groundwater in Gaodianzi map-area.The result shows that the hydrochemical composition of surface water changes greatly,while that of groundwater is relative stable.The hydrochemical types of surface water are mainly HCO3-·SO42--Ca·Mg,HCO3--Ca·Mg,while those of groundwater are mainly HCO3--Ca·Mg,HCO3-·SO42--Na·Ca·Mg.There are close hydraulic connections between surface water and groundwater.The major ions are dominated by the weathering of halite,gypsum and carbonate.In addition,there are also synergistic effects of ion exchange,evaporation and human activities on water hydrochemical characteristics evolution.The result of drinking water quality evaluation shows that the 54.5% surface water is suitable for drinking,while the result of groundwater is much better which is 71.4%.The irrigation water quality evaluation shows that all the samples are suitable for irrigation.And the salt and alkali damage will not happen with reasonable irrigation.