论马克思对自由主义正义理论的批判

On Marx's Criticism on the Theory of Liberal Justice

在马克思看来,自由主义正义观相对于古典正义观自有它的进步之处,这主要表现在它对个体主体性的强调方面。但是从自由主义正义观的基本倾向来看,自由主义正义观所承诺的个体权利主体具有抽象性,它所强调的市民社会具有利己主义本性,它遮蔽了异化劳动,无法克服资本主义的内在矛盾,具有非历史和唯心主义的特征,是一种资产阶级的意识形态。无产阶级和劳动人民只有认识到自由主义正义观的本质,批判所谓"普世价值",才能够在批判旧世界中发现新的文明类型的可能性。

In Marx's view,the concept of liberal justice has its progressive significance compared to the concept of classical justice,which is mainly represented in its emphasis on individual subjectivity.However,from the basic tendency of view of liberal justice,we can see that its subject of individual rights is abstract,and it emphasizes that the civil society has the egoistic nature,covers the alienation of labor,and cannot overcome the inherent contradictions of capitalism,so it has the characteristics of non-historical and idealism.In a word,it is an ideology of the bourgeoisie.Only if the proletariat and the working people recognize the essence of liberalism and criticize the so-called'universal value',we can discover new types of civilization through criticizing the old world.