马克思批判古典自由主义的逻辑进程

The Logical Process of Marxs Criticism of Classical Liberalism

自由主义是西方近代以来的核心价值理念。马克思是从左翼批判自由主义的最杰出代表,他对古典自由主义的批判是自由主义传统所受到的最全面、最彻底的批判。在贯穿其大半生的这一批判中,马克思批判古典自由主义的逻辑进程大致经历了从青年时期的政治批判,到《黑格尔法哲学批判》起基于唯物史观的哲学批判,再到始于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的政治经济学批判三个阶段。通过从政治、哲学、政治经济学三个维度持续几十年的深入研究和系统批判,马克思深刻揭示了古典自由主义的阶级本质。

Liberalism is the core value of the West since modern times.Marx is the most outstanding representative among critics of liberalism from the left.Marx's criticism of classical liberalism is the most comprehensive and thorough criticism of the liberal tradition.In this criticism,which runs through most of his life,roughly speaking,the logical process of Marx's criticism of classical liberalism has gone through three stages:the political critique since his youth,the philosophical critique based on the historical materialism which starts from Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right,and the critique of political economy begins with Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of1844.Through the in-depth study and systematic criticism of classical liberalism from three dimensions of politics,philosophy and political economy,Marx profoundly reveals the class nature of classical liberalism.