论自我构成中的道德律和存在主义决断——从考斯加德的主体性建构视域来看

On the Roles of the Moral Law and Existential Resolution Play in Self-Constitution——from the Perspective of Korsgaard's Constitutivism of Subjectivity

考斯加德认为,主体即主体根据道德律来构建自我的活动。人的实践身份负责解释人的个体性。然而,人的多重实践身份有可能造成实践两难。面对实践两难,作为普遍性原则的道德律不再能够指导行为,人必须做出存在主义决断,这个决断在主体性的基础上,构成自身的个体性。所以,自我构成既需要普遍的道德律,也需要个人在道德律的基础上作出个体性的抉择。康德主义是走在中途的存在主义,因为主体性必须落实在并兑现于自我的个体性。

Christine Korsgaard argues that subjectivity or agency is the activity of selfconstitution in light of the moral law.One’s practical identities is responsible for explaining one’s particularity.But,the multiplicity of one’s practical identities may land one in practical dilemmas.In the face of practical dilemmas,the moral law that is universal falls short of providing guidance for action.One must make existential resolutions.And the existential resolutions constitute one’s individuality on the basis of one’s subjectivity.So self-constitution needs both the universal moral law and existential resolutions on the basis of the moral law.Kantism is a kind of half-way existentialism,because subjectivity has to be implemented and realized in one’s individuality.