西方资本主义价值观的历史事件分析

An Analysis of the Historical Events of Western Capitalist Values

追问西方资本主义价值观的历史渊源,人们很容易想到法国大革命,然而托克维尔在《旧制度与大革命》中提出一个重要问题:为什么革命往往发生在社会状况有所改变的时候,而不是发生在状况越来越糟糕的时候?这场思想革命、价值观念革命的前置准备比预想的要充分,英国大宪章和法国三级会议为资本主义价值观的形成和确立做了漫长铺垫。同时作为一种历史事件分析,相较于法国大革命及《人权与公民权利宣言》,美国《独立宣言》无论从时间还是内容上都对现代西方资本主义价值观的确立和发展产生了更重要的影响。在西方资本主义价值观的演进过程中,应该为《独立宣言》留足"位置"。

It is easy to think of the French Revolution,when pressed on the historical origins of western capitalist values.However,Tocqueville raised an important issue in Ancien Régime and the French Revolution:Why do revolutions often occur at a time when social conditions have changed,rather than at a time when conditions are getting worse?The Magna Carta and the French Estates General have made adequate preparations for the formation and establishment of capitalist values,which is beyond our expectations.Additionally,as a historical event analysis,Declaration of Independence is more important than the French Revolution and Declaration on Human and Civil Rights in terms of time and content for the establishment and development of modern Western capitalist values.Therefore,it may argue that Declaration of Independence is likely to be worthy of fuller attention.