乡村传统价值失序与现代价值体系构建

Research on the Disorder of Traditional Rural Values and the Construction of Modern System of Values

随着市场化和城镇化的迅速推进,乡村传统价值观发生裂变,主要体现为:"集体本位观"转向"家庭、个人本位观","公序良俗的伦理观"转向"经济至上的功利观","勤劳致富的生存观"转向"效益第一的利益观","扎根农村的建设观"转向"进城生活的发展观"。由于乡村价值观嬗变而产生的失范行为体现出三个共性特征:行为动因上,趋利倾向胜过道德约束;行为参照上,本能体验胜过道德秩序;行为结果上,利益分化胜过结果正义。立足乡村群众的文化基因、民生需要、乡村情结和愿景期望,乡村现代价值体系的构建需要从四个基本维度入手推进:以乡贤文化涵养价值体系之源,以集体福祉夯实价值体系之基,以乡愁情感强化价值体系之标,以制度建设锻造价值体系之魂。

With the rapid development of marketization and urbanization,Traditional rural values are experiencing a sharp change,which is embodied in four kinds of problems,namely,the standard values of the family and the individual instead of collective standard values,economic utilitarianism instead of public order and moral ethic,the concept of benefit first instead of survival conception of prosper through hard labour,enjoying city life instead of serving in rural area.There are three characteristics of improper behaviors as followed:firstly,for the motivation of behavior,the tendency toward profit surpasses moral restraint;secondly,subjective experience surpasses moral rules in the stage of behavior standard;Thirdly,interest differentiation surpasses resultant justice.Based on cultural gene,livelihood needs,rural complex and good wishes of the rural masses,there are four kinds of means to build modern system of values,which includes nourishing the source of value system by rural excellent culture,strengthening the foundation of value system by common welfare,highlighting the sigh of value system by nostalgia emotion,and cultivating the spirit of value system by institutional construction.