陆佃《鹖冠子》注道法政治之价值研究

The Political Values of Daoist Law in Heguanzi Annotated by Lu Dian

作为黄老道家的代表著作,《鹖冠子》强调'道生法',在为民、重贤、法自然的理论基础上构建了具体的政治制度:成鸠之制、九皇之制、大同之制,延续了《道德经》'以百姓心为常心'的主张,将'为之以民'作为道法政治的关键。北宋陆佃《鹖冠子》注作为当今可知的最古注本,源远流长,影响广泛。陆佃依据自身深厚的文献学术修养,改错正讹、引经据典,阐释了《鹖冠子》的道法政治的价值:尊道重法,为民重贤。以道法为本,圣贤因道立法、为之以民,故而尊'上贤为天子'。道法政治既贯彻了法家的令行禁止,又合理吸收了儒、墨、阴阳等各家思想,以求达到理想和乐的大同社会。

The book named Heguanzi reflects the thought of Huang-Lao School during pre-Qin and early Han dynasty.The main political measures include serving the people,making friends with sages,obeying the nature rules.Heguanzi and his disciples establishes the'Cheng-Jiu','Jiu-Huang','Da-Tong'system.In summary,'serving the people'is the spirit of the whole book.As a famous Chinese exegesis interpreter in Northern Song dynasty,Lu Dian makes helpful notes on Heguanzi and explains the political values:sages makes rules and laws based on Dao in order to serving the people.With the theoretical characteristics of Huang-Lao School,Heguanzi learns widely from Taoists,Legalists,Mohist School and the Confucion School in order to pursue the Great Harmony Society.