八倍体小黑麦新品种的适宜播期范围与稳产性

Studies on the Relationship between the Range of Seeding Dates and the Yield Stability of Some New Octoploid Triticale cultivars

供试的6个小黑麦品种(系)根据试验结果可分成3类:Ⅰ类 劲松5号和8323-17,偏春性,分蘖力强,适宜播期比偏春性的小麦对照阿勃还宽,各播期的亩产量均显著高于小麦对照,属稳产性最好的类型。Ⅱ类 1001-45和劲松4号,偏春性,分蘖力好,适宜播期比阿勃宽,各播期的亩产量与阿勃相似,但显著高于春性小麦对照绵阳11号,属稳产性好的类型。Ⅲ类 劲松1号和劲松2号,春性,分蘖力较弱,适宜播期范围和亩产量都与绵阳11号相似,属耐肥而不稳产的类型。劲松5号在中等肥力的旱坡地上,全试验的平均亩产达237.7公斤,比适应力强的稳产小麦对照阿勃高16.5%,差异达极显著水平(阿勃,204.1公斤/亩,LSD_(0.01)=16.4公斤/亩)。它的蛋白质含量为15.45%,面包烘烤性能好,可做优质面包。

Six octoploid triticale cultivars studied in a seeding date experiment could be classi-fied into 3 classes according to their respective yield performance:Class 1 includes Jinsong 5 and 8328-17,2 triticale cultivars with partial springhabit and excellent tillering ability.The ranges of suitable seeding dates of these 2 arewider than that of the control,the partial spring habit wheat Abbondanza.Theyhave significantly better yield at each seeding date than their respective controls.Theiryield stability could be considered the best.Class 2 includes 1001-45 and Jinsong 4,also of partial spring habit and good til-lering ability.They have wider ranges of suitable seeding dates than the wheat controlAbbondanza.Their yield are similar to that of the control Abbondanza but aresignificantly higher than that of another control,the spring wheat Mianyang 11,indicating that their yield stability are as good as Abbondanza but much better thanMianyang 11.Class 3 includes Jinsong 1 and Jinsong 2,two spring habit triticale cultivars withweak tillering ability.Their suitable ranges of seeding dates are as narrow as thespring wheat control.Under medium soil fertility,their yield are significantly lowerthan those of the other four triticale cultivars.Their yield stability are therefore aspoor as that of the spring wheat control.Without irrigation,the average yield of the best triticale cultivar inthe experiment,Jinsong 5 is 237.7 kg/mu,16.5% more than that of the wheat con-trol Abbondanza (204.1kg/mu),significant at 1% level (LSD_(0.01)=16.4kg/mu).The protein content of Jinsong 5 is 15.45% and its baking quality is assessed as excel-lent with bread score over 90.