不同世代小麦花药培养的遗传效应分析

Genetic Effect Analysis in Wheat Anther Culture of Different Generations

实验用4个小麦杂交组合的6个不同世代群体为材料分别进行花药培养,对各材料出愈率、绿苗率、白苗率和白苗/绿苗比4个性状的世代平均值进行多元回归分析。结果表明:各组合出愈率存在明显的显性效应和显性×显性互作;绿苗率以加性效应和显性效应为主;白苗率则主要受上位性效应的影响.从而提出在小麦花药培养中注意利用杂种优势可以提高出愈率和绿苗率;选择一般配合力高的亲本杂交可以提高绿苗率,但对白苗率无多大影响。本文对同一性状不同组合、同一组合不同性状的遗传构成以及遗传因素对花粉白苗的影响等问题进行了讨论。

Wheat anthers from the populations including six different generations of four cross combinations were cultured respectively and the generation means of four charac- ters were analysed with polybasic regression method.The results indicated that:the pri- mary gene effects on the callus rate were dominant and dominant-dominant,on green plant rate were additive and dominance effect and on albino plant rate was epistatic interaction.So we deemed that in anther culture,paying attention to use heterosis and selecting the parents with high general combination ability to make cross may improve the callus rate and the green plant rate but there is no effect on the albino rate.The problems of hereditary constitution were discussed about the same character but of dif- ferent combinations,the same combination but of different characters and the effect of genetic factors on pollen albino plants.