卜辞里“雨”的功能指示分析及词性鉴定

“雨”in oracle bone inscriptions of Yin Ruins: analysis of its functional ind exica-lity and identification of its part of speech

殷墟卜辞中普遍存在兼类词现象，“雨”是典型的动名兼类词。本文在认知-心理和 殷代巫术占卜系统的基础上，分析“雨”的语义功能场景和语义结构，是如何通过功能指示 而逐级上升为句法结构单位的。由于“雨”的语义结构的运演导致了它所支持的“雨”的词 性的变动，从而形成动名兼类现象，这是现实的句法结构要求的结果，是汉语词类辩证地、 历史地发展的结果。

Transmutation of the parts of speech existed general ly in oracle bone inscriptions of Yin Ruins.“雨”was a typical case of N-VTrans mutation. Based o n cognition-psychology and shamanism-divination system, to analyze “雨”: its s emantic functional sense and semantic structure, and how it was promoted and bec ame the unit of syntactic construction, through functional indexicality. With it s semantic structure changing, the part of speech of “雨”changed correspondly. At that time, different parts of speech of it coexisted. This phenomenon result ed from requirements of real syntactic construction, from development of parts o f speech of ancient chinese words.