河流水环境的可恢复性及其评价研究

Water Environment Resilience and Its Resilient Assessment of Rivers

维系健康的河流水环境是我国流域管理的迫切需求,然而中国河流水环境治理仍然面临污染控制难、水资源供需矛盾突出和人类活动影响剧烈等方面的挑战,如何恢复和维系健康的河流水环境,充分发挥河流的服务功能成为河流水环境管理研究的热点.本文讨论了水环境可恢复性的概念,从水资源及开发利用程度、环境容量及纳污水平、河流生态、社会经济、环境治理与管理水平等5个方面探讨河流水环境可恢复性的影响驱动因子;将可变模糊识别模型与改进的AHP相结合,提出了一个可以量化水环境可恢复性的评价模型.论文以汉江中下游襄阳段和仙桃段为代表段,评价了汉江中下游流域水环境系统可恢复性的年际变化以及空间变化,并深入分析了水环境可恢复性时空变化的原因,研究结果可为汉江流域水环境保护和管理提供科学依据.

It is the urgent requirement to maintain healthy rivers in the watershed management.However,water environmental governance of rivers in China is still facing challenges,including controlling pollution,outstanding contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and intense affection by human activities. The question about how to maintain and recover the health of riversand and how to give full play to the function of rivers become the research hotspot. The definition of the resilience of water environment was discussed. Driving factors influencing the water environment system were analyzed from five aspects( utilization of water resources,pollutant carrying capacity,river ecology,social economy,environmental governance and management level). An index system of resilience for water environment was established.The variable fuzzy recognition model with the modified AHP was utilized in evaluating water environment resilience.Using the related data in two key monitoring control stations( Xiangyang,Xiantao) from 2001 ~ 2012 in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang basin,the time-space distribution of water environment resilience was studied. This research work provides technical support for water environment protection and planning in Hanjiang Basin.