知识创新、企业家精神与经济绩效

Knowledge Innovation,Entrepreneurship and Economic Performance

知识驱动的新经济增长理论认为,基于R&D;投资的知识创新是一国经济增长核心驱动力和各国经济发展差异的主要原因,这一观点受到了'欧洲悖论'等经济政策实践的挑战。实践证明,知识并不能自动转化为生产力,在知识和经济增长之间还存在着关键的一环——企业家精神。基于这样的认识,使用2008~2012年期间中国除西藏以外30个省份的相关数据,运用SEM模型考察了中国经济发展过程中知识创新、企业家精神与经济绩效之间的关系。结果发现:企业家精神作为中介因素有效地促进了知识扩散从而提高了经济绩效,知识创新总效应中的47.3%归因于企业家精神这一关键一环。因此,要实现'十八大'提出的'从投资驱动向创新驱动转变',单纯关注R&D;投资是远远不够的,更要在深化改革过程中回归企业家的经济主体地位,并通过具体政策来培育企业家精神。

New economic growth theory driven by knowledge believes that knowledge innovation based on R&D investment is the key driving force of economic growth in a country,and it is the main reason of the economic development differences in different countries. The viewpoint is challenged in practice by 'European Paradox'and other economic policies. Practice has proved that knowledge cannot be transferred into productivity automatically,and the most critical link,entrepreneurship exists between knowledge and economic growth. Based on the understanding,the statistics of 30 provinces except Tibet from 2008 to 2012 are adopted to investigate the relationships among knowledge,entrepreneurship and economic performance in the process of China's economic development by using SEM Model. Results show that as an intermediate factor,entrepreneurship effectively promotes knowledge diffusion,which increases economic performance,and47. 3% of the total effect of knowledge innovation is due to entrepreneurship as a key link. Therefore,to achieve the purpose of 'investment driven to innovative driven transformation'put forward by the 18 th Assembly of the Chinese Communist Party,it is not enough to focus only on R&D investment,and it is of vital importance to cultivate entrepreneurship in the process of deepen the reform,in which entrepreneurs should regain the position of economic subjects.