三江地区中南段宝玉石资源

ON RESOURCES OF GEM JADE STONES IN THE CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN PART OF THE SANJIANG AREA

三江地区宝玉石资源主要有海蓝宝石、碧玺、黄玉、水晶、紫牙乌、芙蓉石、汉白玉等。新近发现红宝石、祖母绿。本区宝玉石可分为伟晶岩型、岩浆岩型、接触交代型、热液型、区域变质型、淋积型和砂矿型。含矿层主要为下元古界哀牢山群、中元古界高黎贡山群、崇山群、澜沧群，震旦－寒武石鼓群以及寒武系等。宝玉石形成与吕梁期、燕山－喜山期岩浆活动有关，玉石则与海西期超基性岩有关。伟晶岩型宝玉石矿床通常形成于较高级变质相带的混合岩中。三江中南段的地体构造及推覆构造控制了宝玉石矿床的形成和分布。

The Sanjiang area is rich in resources of gem jade stones, such as anumarine, tourmaline, topaz, rock cristal, almandine, rose quartz, white marble, etc. The ruby and emerald have also been found lately. The deposits can be classified into 7 types:the deposits hosted in pagmatite, hosted in intrusives, occurring within metasometic contacts, related to hydrothermal activity, related to regional metamorphism, related to leaching and sand ores. The deposits are obviously controlled by strata, magmatic activity, metamorphism and tectonism. The Ailaoshan Group, Lancang Group of Mesoproterozoic,Shigu Group of Sinian Cambrian and Cambrian system are the important gem jade bearing strata. The formation of gem jade stones are relevent to acidic magmatic activity of the Luliang and Yanshan Himalaya Periods. One type of the most important deposits, the magmatic deposit often occurred in migmatite of katogenic metamorphic belts. The terrane structures and nappe structures in the central and southern part of the Sanjiang area have obviously controlled the formation and distribution of the gem jade deposits.