再论相和歌及其与清商三调的关系

Xiang He Ge with Inter-relations to Three Songs of Qing Shang Revisited

与清商三调歌并无直接关系的“相和歌十七曲”集中出现在隋代以前,这是“相和歌”的本义;囊括清商三调歌与相和歌十七曲为一体的“相和歌”则最早出现在唐代吴兢的《乐府古题要解》,由吴兢误读前代文献而产生。后者与汉魏六朝时期乐府的实际情形不符,却能够长久流行,产生较大的影响,是因为它在乐府内容的归类方面包含着极有价值的因素。将前后两者看作“源”与“流”的关系较为合理。

“Seventeen Songs of Xiang He Ge(相和歌)”which have no direct relation to“Three songs of Qing Shang(清商)”appeared concen- tratedly before Sui Dynasty and this is the original meaning of“Xiang He Ge”;However,the“Xiang He Ge”which has combined the“Three songs of Qing Shang”and“Seventeen Songs of Xiang He Ge”presented itself firstly in the Key Post on Ancient Theme of Yue Fu written by Wu Jing,Tang Dynas- ty.The latter one is popular and influenceable although it come from the mis- understanding on literature of former dynasty by WU Jing and is not the actual situation of Yue Fu in early time.The reason is that it contains valuable points on the classifying of Yue Fu.Fountain and stream should be a reasons- ble comparison of their relation.