高温气冷堆蒸汽发生器换热管断裂事故进水量影响因素分析

Discussion on Amount of Water Ingress Mass in Steam Generator Heat-Exchange Tube Rupture Accident of High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor

以清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院设计的250 MW球床模块式高温气冷堆(HTR-PM)为例,对蒸汽发生器换热管断裂事故下影响一回路进水量的一些因素进行了分析。分析结果表明:除了断管位置、破口面积等对一回路进水量有直接影响外,进水量还与泄放管线直径、节流孔直径、泄放阀门选择、泄放系统动作设定等因素有关。合理地选择参数可有效排空蒸汽发生器内存留的水,避免一回路大量进水并减少一回路放射性物质向二次侧泄漏所造成的污染。

The steam generator heat-exchange tube rupture (SGTR) accident which will result in the water ingress to the primary circuit of reactor is an important and particular accident for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR). The analysis of the water ingress accident is significant for verifying the inherent safety characteristics of HTGR. The amount of water ingress mass is one of the decisive factors for the seriousness of the accident consequence. The 250 MW Pebble-bed Modular High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTR-PM) designed by Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology of Tsinghua University was selected as an example of analysis. The analysis results show that the amount of water ingress mass is not only affected directly with the broken position and the broken area of the tubes, but also related with the diameter of draining piping and restrictor, draining control valve, action setting of emptier system. With reasonable parameters chosen, the water in steam generator could be drained effectively, so it will prevent the primary circuit of reactor from water ingress in large quantity and reduce the radioactive isotopes ingress to the secondary circuit.