新疆春小麦品种演替规律的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Spring Wheat Cultivars' Evolving Law in Xinjiang

50年代至今新疆春小麦品种经历了多次更替。对不同时期的 5 4个品种所采用的育种方法和品种的形态、产量、品质性状以及抗逆性、抗病性的演变趋势进行了调查分析 ,结果表明 :随着品种的更替 ,育种方法已由引种发展到新的育种方法 ;在形态性状中 ,株高明显变矮 ,株型由松散型向紧凑型发展 ;在产量性状中 ,产量明显提高 ,穗粒数及千粒重有所提高 ;

From 1950 to now, spring wheat cultivars have changed many times in Xinjiang. The change tendency of plant breeding methods, morphology, yield, quality traits, stress resistant traits and disease resistant traits of 54 cultivars in different periods was studied in this paper. The results shows: with the change of cultivars, the plant breeding methods have changed from the introducing cultivars to new plant breeding methods; in morphological traits, the height of spring wheat plant has shortened obviously; the morphology of plant have changed from the lax to the compact; in yield traits, the yield has raised obviously, seeds per spike have added, the weight of 1000 seeds have increased also; in quality traits, bread wheat have been paid more attention.