来自山羊草的杀配子染色体(Aegilops cylindryca 2C)对小黑麦减数分裂及花粉粒有丝分裂过程的影响

THE EFFECT OF GAMETOCIDAL CHROMOSOME 2C DERIVED FROM AEGILOPS CYLINDRYCA ON MEIOSIS AND MITOSIS OF POLLEN GRAINS OF TRITICALE

用来自柱穗山羊草的杀配子染色体 2C ,诱导六倍体、八倍体小黑麦染色体的断裂 ,观察杂种F1 的减数分裂行为 ,在PMCI及PMCII后期观察到了大量的落后染色体、染色体断片、环状染色体及桥 ,在二分孢子及四分孢子中有为数甚多的、大小不一的微核 ,有的还形成多分孢子。在对F1 花粉粒的有丝分裂观察中 ,未见分裂异常。由此推断杀配子染色体诱导染色体断裂可能不发生在配子形成的有丝分裂过程。

The gametocidal chromosome 2C, derived from Aegilops cylindryca , was used to induce rye chromosomes breaks in hexaploid and octoploid triticale. Observation of the meiosis of the hybrid F 1, in anaphase I and II, they are form a large number of lagging chromosomes, chromosome fragments, ring chromosomes and chromosome bridges. In dispores and tetraspores, there exist many micronucleus, some of the tetraspores form paraspores. Observation of the mitotic process of the pollen grains didn't show any abnormal phenomena. Therefore, I deduced that the gametocidal chromosomes exerting their gametocidal effect dose not occur in mitotic process of pollen grains, and this is different from what has been reported.