大鼠角膜移植排斥动物模型的建立

Experience in Constructin Rat Model of Penetrating Keratoplasty

目的 建立大鼠穿透性角膜移植排斥动物模型 ,总结模型制作中的并发症出现原因和相应对策 ,以及增加异体移植排斥率的注意事项。方法 采用远交系Wistar雌性大鼠和SD雌性大鼠建立穿透性角膜移植排斥模型。为了提高建立异体角膜移植排斥模型的成功率 ,在取供体角膜植片时靠近角膜缘取材 ,术后保留角膜缝线。结果 自体角膜移植组无排斥反应发生 ,异体角膜移植组角膜植片存活时间为 10 8d± 2 1d ,排斥率为 10 0 %。两组 6 8例模型术后并发症有虹膜前粘连 5只 ,虹膜脱出 5只 ,眼内出血 1只 ,白内障 3只和眼内感染 1只。结论 实验中采用的大鼠角膜移植模型 ,其临床表现与人类角膜移植排斥反应相似 ,排斥反应发生较早且排斥率高 ,适用于模拟人类角膜移植排斥现象进行深入的相关临床和基础研究。轻柔熟练的显微操作技术 ,锐利的手术器械 ,以及充分散大的瞳孔可以最大程度地减少术后并发症的发生。选择组织相容性抗原间差别大的品系。

To analyze the causes for complications during surgical construction of rat penetrating keratoplasty model, to discuss how to prevent and manage these complications and to summarize experience and skills to increase rejection rate for this allografts model. In order to construct an orthotopic rat penetrating keratoplasty model, 34 allografts (SD→Wistar) were performed in the study group and 34 autografts (Wistar→Wistar)were used as controls. To increase rejection rate of allografts, the donor corneas were trephined eccentrically and the sutures were not removed on the recipients. No rejection was found on the autografts, while 100% rejection was identified in the allografts, with an average survival time at 10.8±2 1 days. Complications were encoutered in 10 eyes, which included iris prolapses, graft cleavage, hemorrhage in the anterior chamber, cataract and infection. Conclusion:MHC mismatched species, eccentrically removed donor corneas and kept sutures in the recipients contribute to the high rate of rejection. Gentle and skilled surgical manipulations, sharp instruments and pupil enlargement are of great importance to successful operations.