共同先祖的虚拟与民族国家的初造——中世纪中、后期法兰西人的“同宗意识”刍论

The Fiction of Common Ancestry and the Creation of Nation-State:On the Common Ancestry Consciousness among the French in the Middle and Later Stages of the Middle Ages

同宗意识亦即共同的血缘意识或共同的先祖意识 ,它是民族观念的构成要素之一。中世纪法兰西人的“同宗意识”是以上古时期即已出现的“特洛伊神话”作为其表现形式的 ,这一神话不仅有力地将全体法兰西人稳固地植根于一片深厚的血缘纽带土壤之中 ,而且还成功地辅佐法兰西提高了自身在西欧世界中的国际地位。可以说 ,以“特洛伊神话”为表现形式的“同宗意识”在法兰西民族观念和民族国家的形成过程中扮演了一个不可替代的重要角色。

The consciousness of common ancestry or consanguinity is a constituent element of the notion of a nation. The 'common ancestry consciousness' among the French in the Middle Ages was represented in the myth of Troy, which came into being as early as in ancient times. It is this myth that has made all the French people be rooted firmly in the deep soil of the consanguine ties and has helped the French successfully raise their international position in Western Europe as well. It thus can be said that the 'common ancestry consciousness' represented in the myth of Troy has played an irreplaceable role in the process of the making of the French nation-state and the developing of the sense of the French nation.