东南亚华人与土著民族的族群关系研究——以菲律宾和马来西亚为例

Ethnic Relationship between Overseas Chinese and Indigenous People in Southeast Asia:The Cases in the Philippines and Malaysia

东南亚华人与当地土著民族的族群关系是一个敏感而又复杂的问题 ,它不仅关系到东南亚国家社会、经济的发展 ,而且也关系到华人在东南亚的生存和发展 ,还直接关系到东南亚国家与中国的关系。本文以菲律宾和马来西亚为例 ,从民族学的角度 ,探讨华人与当地土著民族的关系 ,分析西方人殖民东南亚时期与东南亚国家独立建国之后华人与土著民族关系的情形 ,阐明东南亚不同族群之间的冲突主要不是由于文化的差异引起的 ,而是族群文化差异被政治化和经济化所使然。

The ethnic relationship between the overseas Chinese and the indigenous people in Southeast Asia is a sensitive and complicated issue. It has related not only to the economic and social development in Southeast Asian countries, but also to the survival and development of the overseas Chinese in the region. Moreover, it directly relates to the relationship between Southeast Asian countries and China. This paper approaches the relationship between the overseas Chinese and the indigenous people in the light of ethnology and with the cases in the Philippines and Malaysia as the examples. The author analyzes the situation of the ethnic relationship in Southeast Asia during two historical periods, i.e., the colonial period under the Western rule and the period ever since the independence was obtained. The paper sets forth that ethnic conflicts in Southeast Asia did not resulted from the cultural differences themselves, but rather, from the politicization of the ethno-cultural differences, or from the utilization of them for economic purpose.