江苏晚播冬小麦覆膜穴播栽培技术可行性分析

A Feasible Analysis to the Technology of Bunch Planting with Plastic Film in Late-sown Wheat in Jiangsu Province

1998～2000年对江苏晚播冬小麦覆膜穴播栽培技术进行了研究,结果表明,地膜覆盖穴播栽培起到了提高生育前期积温及保墒蓄水的作用,使晚播小麦的出苗提前,加快了生育前期的出叶速度。与露地高产群体相比,其表现为茎蘖数急增速减、叶面积指数前高后低、干物质积累前多后少、籽粒灌浆强度前低后高、植株氮素吸收前多后少的趋势;花后叶绿素含量及光合速率较低,产量潜力大,但籽粒蛋白质、干湿面筋含量、容重、降落值、沉淀值低,面团形成时间、稳定时间短,评价值低。因此,在江苏淮北地区,小麦地膜覆盖栽培技术可以因地制宜地推广应用,而在淮南多雨地区,推广应用需慎重对待。

The technology of bunch planting with platstic film in late-sown wheat improved the accumulated temperture, preserved the soil moisture during the earlier stage?made wheat emergence earlier, and accelerated the speed of leaf emergence. Compared with the drilling planting without plastic film, the number of main stems and tillers were increased and decreased sharply, the LAI was high in the former stage and low in the later stage, the accumulated dry matter was high in the former stage and low in the later stage, the grain filling intensity was high in the former stage and low in the later stage, the amount of N uptake was high in the former stage and low in the later stage, the content of chlorophyll and intensity of photosynthetic were low after anthesis, the potential of grain yield was high; the content of protein, wet gluten, development time, stability time, valorimeter value of grain and dough were decreased. In the high benefit planting pattern area of Huaibei of Jiangsu, the technology of bunch planting with plastic film could be adopted by paying attention to suit measures to local conditions, in the rainy area of Huainan of Jiangsu wheat planting with plastic film had defects which were difficult to get higher yield, better quality and greater effective, so we should cautiously popularize and apply it.