胎鼠唇裂模型与无瘢痕伤口愈合的初步研究

Intra-Uterine Model of Cleft Lip and Scarless Wound Healing of Fetal Rats

目的应用胎儿外科技术,建立胎鼠宫内先天性唇裂及无瘢痕愈合的伤口模型,并与成年鼠伤口愈合过程进行组织学对照观察,为进行唇裂宫内修复的研究提供依据。方法孕期16～18d母鼠20只,于其胎鼠左上唇行2mm楔形切除,制造宫内唇裂模型,出生后观察唇裂形成情况。伤口愈合模型切口长0.5cm,对合伤口,不做缝合,直接放回宫腔内,分别于术后12、24、48、72h取材,进行组织学观察。结果人工唇裂模型胎鼠出生后成活良好,上唇呈单侧不完全性唇裂。胎鼠伤口72h后完全愈合,组织学检查证实无瘢痕形成。结论应用胎儿外科技术,可制备有效的宫内唇裂模型,无瘢痕伤口愈合为进行宫内唇裂修复奠定了基础。

Objective To properly evaluate the benefits of in utero repair of cleft lip,an animal model of cleft lip was developed and the fetal scarless wound healing was observed in SD rat fetus.Methods Through a maternal celiotomy and hysterotomy,twenty excisional cleft was created in the upper lip of rat fetus.Another group of20rat fetus were given full-thickness incisional wounds in the upper lips.The fetus with cleft lip were returned into utero for further development till birth.Wound specimens from the incisional wounds in the other group were removed successively12,24,48,72h postwounding for histological examination.Results The fetus with excisional wound demonstrated a complete cleft lip after birth.In contrast,the wound in the fetus with incisional wounds regenerated with normal architecture histologically,indistinguishable from the surrounding normal skin.Conclusion The results of this preliminary study indicates that the fetal rat cleft lip is technically feasible with an excellent survival rate.Healing occurs without scar formation.This model will be used to document facial growth following in utero repair of a cleft lip.