新疆柴窝堡盆地新构造运动对地下水的影响

EFFECTS OF NEOTECTONIC MOVEMENT ON GROUNDWATER IN THE CHAIWOBAO BASIN OF XINJIANG

新疆柴窝堡盆地属天山地槽褶皱带博格达复背斜的一个中新生代山间盆地 ,含有丰富的地下水资源。柴窝堡盆地总的轮廓和结构 ,严格受构造控制 ,而地形和微地貌则主要受河流水系的制约。根据新构造格局 ,把柴窝堡盆地分割成三个独立的水文地质区 ,提出新构造断块上升 ,盆地沉降 ,不但控制了柴窝堡盆地第四纪沉积物厚度和岩性 ,也控制了地下水的补给、径流、排泄条件。

The Chaiwobao basin of Xinjiang is a Mesozoic-Cenozoic intermountain basin. It belongs to the Bogeda anticlinorium of the Tianshan geosyncline fold belt. The basin is characterized by abundant ground water, which makes it the major water supply place in Urumqi. The whole outline and structure of the Chaiwobao basin are strictly controlled by tectonics, while terrain and microgeomorphy are mainly controlled by river drainage system. The paper mainly discusses the relationship between neotectonic movement and groundwater. The basin is divided into three hydrogeological regions independently according to neotectonic pattern, in which ground water possesses many features. At the same time, the authors indicate that the rise, uplift and subsidence of the neotectonic fault block have controlled not only the thickness and lithology of Quaternary sediments in Chaiwobao basin, but also the recharge, runoff and drainage of groundwater. The tectonic pattern formed by different tectonic movements is the key to reserve groundwater in abundance at the alluvial edge of the piedmont depression belt, and the groundwater can well permeate, enrich, and lead in the neotectonic fault belt which renders possible important reserving concourse and movement channels of groundwater. The formation and distribution of groundwater, shifting and storage of groundwater, the hydrogeochemical characters as well as their variation are well controlled by the neotectonic movement.