论国际商事仲裁中国家对豁免的放弃

On Waiver of State Immunity in the International Commercial Arbitration

当国家参加国际商事仲裁时,其可能因为仲裁中的临时措施和裁决的承认与执行问题被诉至一国法院。而根据《国家及其财产管辖豁免公约》和一些国家法律的规定,在此种案件中国家会被视为放弃了主权豁免,不得拒绝外国法院的管辖和执行,国有公司在参加商事仲裁时也同样如此,各国在这方面的做法趋向一致。我国国家和国有公司在参加国际商事仲裁时应注意以上问题,且我国也可根据公约制定相关法律,以维护我国国家和企业的利益。

Once a State is involved in international commercial arbitration,it may be invoked before a court as defendant when the opponent seeks enforcement of arbitration agreement,arbitral award or interim measures.In such a case,the state is not entitled to claim sovereign immunity from the judicial proceedings for it is deemed to have waived the immunity according to Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property and other domestic laws and practice.The same principle also applies to State-owned enterprises which participate arbitration.China and its Stateowned enterprises should pay attention to this matter when involving in international business and China should legislate immunity law to safeguard the interests of State and enterprises.