制度网络：概念界定及形式建构

Institutional Network:Notion Defined and Modality Constructed

制度网络是指相关制度由于长期存在相互联系和相互作用而形成的稳定的联接结构形态。制度网络的正外部性可以节约大量交易费用,同时可以降低制度建立和维护的成本,实现"认知范围的外部经济性"。在一定的技术和市场下,多样的兼容性制度实现相互联接,形成纵向历时性关联、横向共时关联和纵横交错三种不同的制度网络形式。在制度网络框架下,可以对路径依赖的形成作出新的解释,它是因处于制度网络中的各项独立制度的互相牵制而导致的。而且路径依赖的突破过程正是对制度网络打破和超越的过程。在现实社会经济活动中,只有充分注意到制度网络结构的存在,才能使单一制度的作用实现最大化。

Institutional Network describes a stable connected structure that formed by the relative institution over a long period of time in the procedure of in- terrelation and interaction.The external of institutional network can reduce the transaction cost largely,and the connection of institutional network provides the mechanism to reduce the cost of setup and maintain the institution,and further speaking,the external economy of cognitive scope will come true in the institution- al network.At the certain condition of technology and market,institutional network formed by the connection of the multiplicity of institution one another,and it con- tains three modes:longitudinal diachronie institutional network,landscape orien- tation contemporaneous institutional network,and vertically and horizontally insti- tutional network.Path-dependence is due to the diversion of various independent institutions.To back through path-dependence is equal to beyond the institutional network.This theory is important for socialistic construction in our country,in or- der to maximize the policy effects,we must sufficiently notice the being of institu- tional network.