契约理论与能力理论融合视角的企业本质问题研究

An Integration of Contract Theory and Capabilities Theory:A Quest for the Nature of the Firm

本文基于契约理论与企业能力理论相结合的视角,审视了企业本质的相关问题。研究认为,企业的本质在于"契约性"与"生产性"的统一,作为市场与社会中间组织的企业,一方面通过由其契约特性所支撑的社会机能——内部组织化和经济成果的再分配与社会建立了非经济性的联系;另一方面通过由其生产特性所维系的经济机能——商品的生产和交换与市场建立了经济关系,所以企业既是一个经济组织,同时也是一个社会组织。由此决定了企业的活动应该体现经济合理性和社会合理性的综合要求,企业最终追求的应是在不损害市场与社会的正常机能的前提下,其经济与社会价值的最大化,而持续竞争优势的获得与维系是实现这一目标的关键。

This article examines the relevant problems of the nature of the firm based on the integration of contract theory and capability theory.And the research believes that the nature of the firm lies in the unity of productivity and contractili- ty,and the firm,as the intermediate organization between market and society, through the social function supported by contractility—internal organization and re- allocation of economic fruits,from one side,builds the non-economic relation with society,from another,through the economic function supported by produc- tivity-the production and exchange of commodities,builds economic relation with market,so it is not only an economic organization,but a social organization.Thus, to decide social activities should embody the synthesized requirements of economic reasonability and social reasonability,the firm's eventual pursuit without damaging normal functions of market and society should be the maximization of economic and social value while the key to this aim is to acquire and maintain continuous com- petitive advantage.