制度租、土地增值收益与政府行为

Institution Rent,Land Added-Value and Government's Behaviors

土地征用过程中形成的土地增值收益不仅仅是两个市场割裂形成的经济租金,更是由于城乡二元的土地制度造成的制度租。引入城市化和土地集约利用,构建基于城乡二元土地制度的土地增值收益形成模型,确定土地增值收益的范围,分析政府在土地征用过程中应该承担福利人的角色而非经济人的角色,充分补偿农民的失地收益,并实现农民转为城市居民后的可持续发展,保障城市经济的可持续发展。从现阶段经济发展的形势和城市化内涵的转变对分配比例θ的确定及其影响因素进行分析,提出充分提高农地增值收益的分配比例,实现城市化从外延式向内涵式的转变。

The article discusses land value-added in land expropriation,shows that it is not just the economic rent from the two fragmented land market,but also institution rent due to the dual urban-rural land institution.To this end,it con- structs the land value-added receipts formation model based on the dual urban-ru- ral land institution and introduces two variables of urbanization and land intensive use to the scope of the land value-added benefits.On this basis,the government should play the role of welfare rather than the economic role in the process of land expropriation to concentrate the landless farmers fully to realize the sustainable de- velopment of those people who transfer from landless farmer to citizens while ensu- ring the sustainable development of urban economy but not increase the cost of ur- banization too much.At the same time,we discuss the value ofθand its influen- cing factor from current economy development and the transform of the connotation of urbanization from extensive to intensive.