制度变迁、劳动力流动和经济绩效

Institutional Change,Labor Mobility and Economic Performance

新古典劳动力流动模型的一个重要前提是劳动力可以自由流动。但是,由于中国劳动力户籍以及城乡就业市场分割等一系列制度条件约束,劳动力无法实现自由的流动,这就导致了不能将新古典方法直接应用于中国的现实分析。因此,在新古典理论模型的基础上,本文建立了制度约束条件下部门间劳动力流动的均衡模型,并运用1949～2006年中国各地区数据,系统考察制度变迁对劳动力流动和经济绩效产生的影响。研究认为,中国的劳动力流动带有明显的制度约束特征,每一次重大制度变迁的背后,都伴随着劳动力流动和经济绩效的起伏。制度变迁决定了劳动力的流动速度,并且直接影响了经济绩效。

An important premise of neoclassicism labor mobility is full freedom of movement.However,because of household registration and segmentation of employment market between urban and rural,labor mobility is hindered by institutional constraint.This makes neoclassicism invalid in China.Therefore,based on neoclassicism theory,this article establishes equilibrium model of labor mobility under institutional constraints,uses regional data of 1949-2006,observes the effect of institutional change on labor mobility and economic performance.The conclusion is that labor mobility in China accompanies with institutional constraint characteristics.Any important institutional change along with fluctuation of labor mobility and economic performance.Institutional change determines the velocity of labor mobility,and directly influences economic performance.