产妇及新生儿血铅水平调查

Investigation of maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels

目的:了解佛山市产妇、新生儿血铅水平及其影响因素。方法:采用电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱法,于2003年6月～2004年2月,取本院产科产妇静脉血及其新生儿脐血588例,进行血铅、钙、锌、铁、铜和锰水平测定,按妇幼保健管理卡内容,进行相关记录。结果:产妇血铅水平0.424±0.170μmol/L,Bpb≥0.483μmol/L者占19.05％,新生儿脐血铅水平0.417±0.164μmol/L,铅中毒率为18.71％;母子血铅值显著正相关(r=0.861,P<0.01),产妇血铅值与其血钙、铁值显著负相关(r=-0.267、-0.298,P<0.05);城郊产妇及新生儿血铅水平显著高于城区。结论:城郊产妇、新生儿血铅较高,血钙、锌、铁含量影响血铅水平。

Objective: To estimate blood lead level of newborns in Foshan city and its relative risk factors. Methods: Using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, 588 maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels were determinded between October 2003 and February 2004 and its relative factors wer surveyed with a qustionnaire. Results: Among the 588 cases, maternal blood lead level (Bpb) were 0. 424±0.170 μmol/L, Bpb≥0.483 μmol/L ones were 19.05%, umbilical cord Bpb were 0.417±0.164 μmol/L, lead poisoning rate was 18.71%. There were significant statistic correlation between blood lead level of pregnant women and umbilical cords (r=0.861, P<0.01). Meantime, there were significant statistic correlation between blood lead level of pregnant women and umbilical cords blood calcium and iron level (r=-0.267, -0.298, P<0.05); Maternal and umbilical cord blood lead levels were higher in outskirts of Foshan city than that in the city zone. Conclusion: The pregnant women and newborns in outskirts of this city have the higher level of blood lead. Also, calcium, zinc and iron content in blood could influence blood lead level.