摘要
Based on the variation tendency of grassland productivity, this article describes the present situation of the grassland degeneration in Inner Mongolia,. With its emphasis on two main meteorological factors (precipitation and air temperature), this article analyzes the characteristics of climatic changes in the Inner Mongolia prairie in 30 years (1970～1999) and discusses the effect of climatic factors on grassland degeneration. At the same time, this article analyzes the causes for the deterioration of grassland ecological environment from such aspects as the material flow balance within the grassland ecosystem and the effect of human activities on grassland ecosystem. The analysis shows: from the present meteorological data and grassland monitoring data, it is hard to conclude that the grassland climate is getting drier and drier and proceeds to cause the deterioration of the grassland ecosystem; animal husbandry is the main type of land use in this area, the vegetations within the ecosystem are mainly controlled by domestic animals, and the main causes for the rapid deterioration of grassland ecosystem are the malajustment of input and output of material flow (take N for example) and the seasonal imbalance of supply and demand between the grass and the domestic animals; while the climatic changes only make the deterioration of the ecosystem more serious. This article proposes that the effective measures to harness and maintain the grassland ecosystem health in this area are to increase the material input within the ecosystem, to adjust the nature production mode of grazing all through the four seasons, and to actively introduce new seeds into animal husbandry to alleviate the grazing pressure on the grassland during the sensitive spring period, etc..
Based on the variation tendency of grassland productivity, this article describes the present situation of the grassland degeneration in Inner Mongolia,. With its emphasis on two main meteorological factors (precipitation and air temperature), this article analyzes the characteristics of climatic changes in the Inner Mongolia prairie in 30 years (1970～1999) and discusses the effect of climatic factors on grassland degeneration. At the same time, this article analyzes the causes for the deterioration of grassland ecological environment from such aspects as the material flow balance within the grassland ecosystem and the effect of human activities on grassland ecosystem. The analysis shows: from the present meteorological data and grassland monitoring data, it is hard to conclude that the grassland climate is getting drier and drier and proceeds to cause the deterioration of the grassland ecosystem; animal husbandry is the main type of land use in this area, the vegetations within the ecosystem are mainly controlled by domestic animals, and the main causes for the rapid deterioration of grassland ecosystem are the malajustment of input and output of material flow (take N for example) and the seasonal imbalance of supply and demand between the grass and the domestic animals; while the climatic changes only make the deterioration of the ecosystem more serious. This article proposes that the effective measures to harness and maintain the grassland ecosystem health in this area are to increase the material input within the ecosystem, to adjust the nature production mode of grazing all through the four seasons, and to actively introduce new seeds into animal husbandry to alleviate the grazing pressure on the grassland during the sensitive spring period, etc..
