关节镜下松解及清理术在肘关节屈伸功能障碍方面的应用

The effect of release and debridement with arthroscopy in the treatment of elbow malfunction

目的探讨肘关节镜下软组织松解及清理术在肘关节屈伸功能障碍方面的应用。方法2001年8月至2003年12月,肘关节屈伸功能受限患者15例,男11例,女4例;年龄21～63岁;病程8个月～20年。肘关节屈曲角度为15°￣60°,平均30.4°;伸直角度为-80°～-20°,平均-51.2°。关节内骨赘伴游离体4例,陈旧性桡骨头骨折2例,陈旧性尺骨鹰嘴骨折2例,陈旧性肱骨髁上骨折3例,退行性变4例。臂丛麻醉下,经肘内上、外上入路切开,关节镜下均可见充血增生的滑膜及软组织粘连,关节软骨退变、剥脱8例,关节内增生骨赘伴游离体形成5例,肘关节前方瘢痕骨化2例。刨削滑膜粘连带,取出增生骨赘及游离体。检查关节活动度,若肘关节伸直受限,则对前方软组织及关节囊松解;若屈曲受限,则另经后直入路(鹰嘴尖上3cm)进入肘关节,对后方关节囊进行松解。结果术后7～14d,患者均恢复日常生活及工作。1例术后出现尺神经暂时性麻痹,3个月后恢复。无一例出现神经、血管损伤。15例患者均获随访,随访时间7～20个月,平均14.1个月。末次随访时,关节屈曲角度为70°￣120°,改善60.5°;伸直角度为-20°￣-5°,改善37.6°。参照改良HSS肘关节评分系统进行疗效评定,优7例,良5例,失败3例。结论肘关节镜下软组织松解及清理术可改善肘关节屈伸功能障碍。

Objective To explore the effect of elbow release and debridment with arthroscopy for elbow malfunction. Methods The study was carried out on 15 patients (male 11, female 4; age 21-63 years old, average 40.1 years old) with the use of arthroscopy to brisement accretion and articular capsule from August 2001 to December 2003. The mean course was 55.2 months (range, 8-24 months). The flexion angle of joint preopration was 15°-60°, average 30.4°, the extension angle was -80°--20°, average -51.2°. The diagnosis was osteophyma and liberum in 4. The old fracture of radius capitulum was in 2; the old fracture of ulnar olecranon in 2; the old fracture of condyle of humerus in 3; degeneration in 4. The brachial plexus anesthesia,the elbow hung to traction, interna and extra-pathway, to cut synovium and accretion fibers with shver, removal liberum and milling osteophyma, meanwhile brisement articular capsule. Pathology manifestation in arthroscopy: there were a lot hyperemia synovium and fiber accretion. There was cartilage exfoliation in 8, hyperplasy and liberum in 5, ossification of cicatricle in 2. The motion range of elbow was reexamined, if the extension function was restricted, release was performed on anterior soft tissue and capsule. If the flexion function was restricted, release was carried out on posterior capsule via posterior straight approach(3 cm supra point of olecranon). Results All patients recovered daily life and occupation postoperative 7 to 14 days. Transient ulnar nerve paralysis occurred postoperatively in one case, which recovered three months later. There were no blood vessel and nerve injury. The mean follow-up period was 14.1 months (range, 7-20 months). At the final follow-up, the flexion of joint post operation was 70°-120°, to improve average 60.5°; the extension of joint post operation was -20°--5°, to improve average 37.6°. In accordance with HSS scoring system, excellent 7, good 5, fail 3. Conclusion Using of arthroscopy to release elbow joint have many advantages such as less trauma, quick recovery and less sequela. The application in release with arthroscopy is a good way for elbow malfunction.