摘要
Objective To define the prevalence, severity and risk factors for lead poisoning in new immigrant children from the mainland of China to Hong Kong, China.Methods New immigrant children from the mainland of China under 18 years of age were invited to join the study. Their growth parameters and venous blood lead levels (BLL) were measured within 7 days of arrival. Those with elevated BLL i.e. 】10?μg/dl (0.48?μmol/L) were assessed for signs, symptoms and risk factors of lead poisoning. Education on the prevention of lead poisoning and follow up BLL measurements were offered until their BLL normalized.Results Four hundred and fifty-seven children were recruited. Among them, 18.1% and 2.6% had BLL 】0.48 and 0.71?μmol/L, respectively. None had BLL 】0.96?μmol/L. Possible risk factors included contaminated drinking water (19%), herb ingestion (17.5%), pica, playing in dumping grounds, residing near paint factories or highways, habitual inhalation of car exhaust and cooking with petroleum. Symptoms and signs included abdominal pain, headache, short stature, and learning difficulties but did not correlate with BLL. None required treatment except for counseling on the avoidance of risk factors. About 94.7% showed a reduction in BLL 2-3 months after arrival and before counseling. All had normalized BLL by 9 months except 1 who had an X-ray feature of lead line.Conclusions Lead poisoning is common in new immigrant children from the mainland of China. Environmental factors were most important while behavioral factors like regular herb ingestion might have contributed to the persistence of high BLL in the minority.
客观：为从中国的大陆在新移民孩子毒害到香港的铅定义流行，严厉和风险因素，中国。方法：从不到 18 岁的中国的大陆的新移民孩子被邀请加入学习。他们的生长参数和静脉的血铅层次(BLL ) 在 7 天到达以内被测量。那些与提高的 BLL 即 > 10 micrograms/dl (0.48 mumol/L ) 为符号，症状和毒害的铅的风险因素被估计。预防上的教育导致毒害并且在大小被提供直到他们使正常化的 BLL 的 BLL 上面列在后面。结果：457 个孩子被招募。在他们之中， 18.1% 和 2.6% 有 BLL > 0.48 和 0.71 mumol/L 分别地。任何一个都没有 BLL > 0.96 mumol/L。包括的可能的风险因素污染了喝的水(19%) ，植物摄取(17.5%) ，异食癖，在倾倒根据，住的近的油漆工厂或高速公路玩，汽车的惯常的吸入用尽并且与石油煮。症状和症状包括了腹的疼痛，头疼，短身高，和学习困难但是没与 BLL 相关。任何一个都没除了在风险因素的回避上建议要求处理。大约 94.7% 在到达以后并且在建议前在 BLL 2-3 月内显示出减小。除了 1，所有到 9 个月使 BLL 正常化有铅的一个 X 光检查特征线。结论：毒害的铅在从中国的大陆的新移民孩子是普通的。当象常规植物摄取一样的行为的因素可能在少数贡献了高 BLL 的坚持时，环境因素是很重要的。
