论“政治问题不审查”原则——以中美司法审查之比较为视角

Research on “Non-review Principle on Political Issues”——From the View Angle of Comparative Study on the Judicial Review between China and America

"政治问题不审查"原则是指法院在司法审查的过程中,不对政治问题作出判断的原则,其是世界各民主国家在司法审查中所恪守的基本原则之一。该原则有助于使司法机关摆脱政治困扰,最终实现司法权威和司法独立。美国在"三权分立"的原理和制度构架下,由《联邦宪法》第3条确定了该原则。中国《行政诉讼法》第11条也有相关规定,但实践中应注意区分"政治问题"与一般政治性问题,明确"政治问题"的范围。

"Non-review principle on political issues" means avoiding adjudging political question in judicial review.It’s one of the basic principles of judicial review in modern democratic country all over the world.This principle helps to shake the judicial branches of political issues,and guarantee judicial authority and judicial independence.Under the theory of separation of powers,America identifies the principle on article 3 of the Federal Constitution.The principle also is identified on article 11 of the Administrative Litigation Law of the People’s Republic of China.We must identify the scope of the political issues in practice.