几种不同产量水平水稻品种光合特性的比较

Comparison of Some Photosynthetic Characteristics among Rice Varieties with Different Yield Range

研究几种不同产量水平的水稻品种的光合特性,结果表明,高产品种的水稻具有较高的PSⅡ原初光能转化效率、PSⅡ潜在活性和光合电子传递速率。Mg^(2+)能较大幅度地提高高产品种的Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo的比值,并对高产品种叶绿体的PSⅡ和PSⅠ之间激发能分配的调节能力也较高,这可能与高产品种叶绿体的内部结构有助于外加Mg^(2+)更充分发挥提高它们原初光能转化效率、PSⅡ潜在活性和调节两个光系统之间激发能分配的作用有关。 Ch1a荧光诱导动力学的技术,有可能运用于早期检测水稻(或其他作物)的生产潜力。

Some photosynthetic characteristics of rice varieties with different yield range were studied.The results showed that differences in the efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PSⅡ（Fv/Fm）,the potential activity of PSⅡ（Fv/Fo）and the electron transport rate of leaves of leaves and/or chloroplasts were significant among rice varieties with different yield range.The higher yield of the rice varieties had the higher ratios of Fv/Fm.Fv/Fo and the electron transport rate.However in the case of the addition of Mg2+,the differences in the ratios of Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were even more significant between high-yield Xuiyou hybrid rice and low-yield Fushiguang.Meanwhile,the capability of the excitation energy distribution regulated by Mg2+ between PSⅡ and PSⅠ was larger in Xuiyou hybrid rice than that in Fushiguang.It seems to us that some special elegant architecture of chloroplast membranes of highyield varieties may be responsible for the enhancement of the enhancement of the ratios of Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo and of the regulation capability of the excitation energy distribution between PSⅡ and PSⅠ induced by Mg2+. It is concluded from the experimental results that chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics technique may be applied to the assessment of the yield potential of rice （or other crops） at the early stage of their growth and development with the advantages of rapidness,sensitivity and simplicity.