政府与企业之间:试论南京时期工商同业公会的经济职能

The Economic Function of the Trade Association during the Reign of Kuomintang in Nanjing

近代的同业公会作为普设的行业组织,对于政府与企业来说都具有重要意义。在同业公会法规及相关政策中,政府赋予同业公会及行规以法律合法性,其目的不仅在于保障或规范其行业自治权,更期待公会协助经济行政。对于同业公会来说,维护同业利益是其根本出发点,而如何协调与政府的关系,创建有利于行业发展的宏观制度环境则是其中心任务。在政府经济管理及行业经济自治两个方面,同业公会都具有重要的中介作用。

The Trade Association was not only the middle organization between the government and the corporations, between the market and the corporations, also between the government and the merchants. For a certainty, the Trade Association was a system foundation, which was propitious for the same trade corporations and the merchants to protect their advantage and self-rule, at the same time offered the government a tool for administration. In the direction, it meaned a middle-governance mechanism. The Trade Association had medi-function between the government, the corporation and the market. The Trade Association and the government were interactional, that was easy to the government to administrate economy and the Trade Association to reflect problems.