对《红与黑》的拉康式解读

Lacan's Reading of The Red and the Black

对司汤达的经典之作《红与黑》的评析历来停留在社会层面,该运用法国著名哲学家拉康的精神分析理论对小说的欲望主体进行分析。认为小说主人公在"镜像阶段"形成的理想自我与被动的自恋欲望造成了他人格的分裂、异化与斗争;欲望主体的缺失使之发现真正的欲望对象永远无法企及,是人类存在本身所固有的缺失;欲望主体徘徊在想象界和象征界之间,在欲望主体的追求中,始终有一个客观化了的他者在"注视"着所谓的"责任"与"事业"。这是主人公走向死亡的最主要原因。

The comments of the classic The Red and the Black of Stendhal have always stayed on the social level,so the paper uses psychoanalytic theory of the famous French philosopher Lacan to analyze the desire of the novel's hero.The writer thinks the ideal itself and the passive Narcissistic desire that the hero forms in the mirror stage are the cause of his split,alienation and struggle in personality.The absence of the desire subject makes it impossible to match the real desire object,because this is the inherent absence of human existence.The desire subject wanders between the imagination world and the symbol world,and in the pursuit of the desire object,there is always an objective others are 'watching'——the so-called 'duty' and 'business'.This is the most important reason why the hero goes to death.