节日与政治:抗战前国民政府纪念四四儿童节述评

Festivals and Politics:the Review about Children's Day Commemoration Held by the Nanjing National Government before the Anti-Japanese War

四四儿童节作为一个注重儿童福利的节日,其中却有着国民党和政府的政治渗透。党政机关一方面在纪念活动中担任主要组织者的角色,一方面通过政治符号的运用、纪念仪式的举行加强民众对国家权威的认同感。同时,纪念儿童节的文本也在对儿童进行爱国爱族教育、三民主义教育、伟人崇拜教育和时局教育,以达到宣传国家政策、强化国民党正统地位、塑造孙中山和蒋介石伟人形象的目的。

Children's day is one holiday paying attention to children's welfare,but we have been able to see the Kuomintang and the government's political infiltration in it. On one hand,the Kuomintang and the government played a important role as main organizer of the commemoration. On the other hand,they strengthened the authority of the national identity through using political symbols,commemorative ceremony. Meanwhile,the text of children's day also educated children in order to achieve the promotion of national policies. The education included loving family,loving country,Three Principles,great worship education and the Current Situation. They aimed to promote national policies,strengthen the orthodox position of the Kuomintang,and shape the great image of Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek.