民国时期的上海工商业团体与租界社会——以1921年“换香水”枪击案为视角

Industrial and Commercial Organizations of Shanghai in the Period of the Republic of China:in the View of the“Huan Xiang Shui”Shooting of 1921

上海作为中国近代最大的工商业城市,在经济发达的同时,社会亦呈现出复杂的一面。在上海社会、经济以及文化的构建过程中,为数众多的工商业团体发挥了巨大的作用,成为我们理解民国时期上海各方面发展不可回避的一个面相。在1921年上海虹口北四川路发生的"换香水"枪击案,使得外国人霸占的租界社会一下子紧张了起来,其中重要原因即是上海的各个工商业团体联合起来进行了不懈抗争。而从此次枪击案所引发的中外博弈当中,可以让我们更好的透视民国时期上海租界社会的一些复杂面貌和生活在租界下层社会人群的悲惨命运以及透过小人物的死亡来审视大历史背景下的上海工商业团体在抗争过程中所想要表达的时代话语和象征意义。

Shanghai is the biggest industrial and commercial city of modern times.With the development of the economy,the society also presents its complicated aspects.During the development of society,economy and culture of Shanghai,most industrial and commercial organizations have played an important role,which becomes an unavoidable phenomenon for us to understand its development in all directions.In 1921,the 'Huan Xiangshui' Shooting happened on Bei Sichuan Road,Hongkou,Shanghai triggered the air of tension in the concessions forcibly occupied by foreigners.One of the important reasons should be the persistent fighting of the united industrial and commercial organizations.And from what the shooting caused home and abroad,we can better understand the complicated situations of the concessions in Shanghai at the time of Republic of China as well as the miserable life of lower class.Besides,by analyzing the death of an ordinary person,we can scope the characteristics and symbolic meanings of that time which the united industrial and commercial organizations wanted to express under the historical background.