晚清民国的学人与佛学——以梁启超与胡适为例

Scholars and Buddhism of the Period of Late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China:Take Liang Qi-chao and Hu Shih for Example

晚清民国以来,经过几千年与中国传统思想文化的相互排斥、渗透和交融,佛教在中国已形成了若干个中国化的佛教派系和独具中国特色的佛学。随着中国近代社会思潮的发展和演变,佛学研究也开始得到学人的青睐,以梁启超为代表的学人试图通过佛学研究,经世致用,寻找启民智、治国家之新道;以胡适为代表的学人则运用科学方法,理性思辨,对佛学进行深入分析考据,有力地促进了佛学在近代学术史上的发展。两种佛学研究取向的产生,既促进了近代佛学的转向,也进一步深化了佛学在近代思想解放潮流中的重要地位。

Since late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China,Buddhism in China has already formed several Chinese factions and Buddhist studies with their own characteristics over thousands of years of repellency,infiltration and integration.The research of Buddhism is more and more popular with the development and evolution of the modern research of social ideological trend.For instance,scholars represented by Liang Qi-chao tried to find the new way of the prosperity of a nation by the way of studying Buddhism and emphasizing pragmatism.As for the scholars represented by Hu Shih,they studied the Buddhism with deep analysis and textual research by the way of using scientific methods and rational arguments,which promoted the development of Buddhism in the history of modern academy.The development of the two different research orientations can not only promote the diversion of modern Buddhism,but also further deepen the position of Buddhism in the trend of the modern ideological liberation.