山东省老年人社会支持状况对心理健康的影响

Studying on the influence of social support on mental health of the elderly in Shandong

目的:了解山东省老年人社会支持现状,分析其对心理健康的影响。方法:使用社会支持量表和症状自评量表,采取现场调查的方式,对山东省60岁及以上老年人的社会支持状况和心理健康状况进行调查。结果:山东省老年人总体社会支持状况良好,但是在客观支持及支持利用度方面,有待于进一步提升。影响老年人社会支持的主要因素有婚姻状况、生活能否自理、养老方式、受教育程度、月收入水平。社会支持状况与老年人心理健康存在相关关系,在影响总体心理健康的社会支持因子中,主观支持作用显著。结论:完善老年人社会支持状况对于提高其心理健康状况具有重要作用,应加强对重点人群社会支持状况的关注。

Objective To study the status of social support for the elderly in Shandong,and analyze its influence on their mental health. Methods The status of social support and mental health of the elderly aged over 60 was surveyed with Social Support Rating Scale( SSRS) and Symptom Checklist 90( SCL-90). Results The status of social support on mental health of the elderly in Shandong was well,but the dimensions of objective support and support utilization need to be further improved. The main factors influencing social support were marital status,self-care ability,mode of old-age care,education background and economic status. Social support for the elderly was correlated with their mental health. In the social support factors influencing the overall mental health,the effect of subjective support was significant. Conclusion Social support for the elderly was important to improve their mental health,which needs to be further intensified.