硒对氟所致肾脏病理和超微结构改变的影响

Effects of Selenite on Renal Pathological and Ultrastructural Changes Induced by Fluoride

采用组织病理学和电子显微镜技术，研究了大鼠同时接触氟化钠和亚硒酸钠对肾脏的形态学影响．结果表明，氟化物对肾脏具有明显的损害作用，可使肾近曲小管上皮细胞浊肿、水变性和坏死．肾小管上皮细胞线粒体数目增多、肿胀，线粒体嵴减少、消失及坏死．细胞内次级溶酶体增多，局部胞浆崩解．粗面内质网扩张，肾小管上皮细胞基底膜局部增厚，上皮细胞游离面微绒毛肿胀，排列紊乱．同时给予硒和氟的大鼠，肾脏的组织病理学和超微结构改变均较单纯加氟组明显减轻．可以认为，硒对氟致肾损害有明显的拮抗作用，其机理可能与硒的抗氧化作用有关．

In this paper the morphological changes of kidneys of the rats exposed simultaneously to sodium fluoride and sodium selenite in drinking water were observed by the applications of histopathological and ultrastructural techniques.The results showed that fluoride could cause obvious swelling,hydropic degeneration and necrosis of epithelia of renal proximal convoluted tubules.The ultrastructural changes of renal damages induced by fluoride are obvious as well.Mitochondria increase and swelling, decrease and disappearance of mitochondrial cristae,secondary lysosome increase and local collapse of cytoplasm in epithelia of renal proximal convoluted tubules were observed.Enlargement of rough endoplasmic reticulum,local thickening of basement membrane as well as light swelling and arrangement disorder of microvilli in epithelia of renal proximal convoluted tubules were found. Whereas in the rats administered simultaneously to selenite and fluoride in drinking water the renal damages in histopathology and ultrastructure were significantly alleviated in comparison with the rats exposed to fluoride.Thus,it could be concluded that selenite could possess the marked antagonistical effect on the renal impairment caused by fluoride. The mechanism of this antagonistical effect may be related to the anti-peroxidation of selenium.