菌物在环境保护中的研究与应用

Research and Application of Fungi in Environment Protection

应用生物技术处理环境污染物对保护环境具有重要意义。菌物在环境保护中的应用极其广泛。可用于处理环境污染物的菌物种类和数量很多 ,它们可有效降低重金属的毒性 ,吸附并回收重金属 ;可通过分泌降解酶系降解多种难降解染料 ;还可以处理其它污染物如农药、洗涤剂、有机氯代化合物、硝酸酯类及固体废弃物等。笔者概述了处理环境污染物的菌物种类、作用对象、作用机制、影响因子以及研究进展等 ,提出今后应注重筛选培育高效菌株 ,并尽早实现环保菌物制剂的产业化生产及其规模运用。

Fungi are widely applied to environmental protection.There are many kinds of fungi used to treat the environmental pollutants.Some of them could effectively reduce the toxicity of heavy metals.The enzyme system secreted by fungi could degrade many dyestuffs and other pollutants such as pesticide,synthetic detergents,organic Cl substituting compound,nitric ether,and solid discard could be also treated by some fungi.The kinds of fungi,objects of their action,affected factors and research progress on using fungi to environmental protection in recent years are reviewed.The paper pointed out that fungi products used in environmental protection should be further developed and applied as soon as possible.