海南省黎族人群艾滋病健康教育效果评价

Evaluation of the effectiveness of health education for spreading SID and HIV/AIDS knowledge in Li Minority Nationalities in Hainan Province

目的 通过综合性的健康教育,提高黎族人群性病、艾滋病的知识水平。方法 在黎族村庄发放宣传材料、播放VCD,在性活跃人群开展专题小组讨论及同伴教育,免费提供避孕套,在中学开设健康教育课程,培训乡村医生和村干部。结果 干预后黎族人群性病、艾滋病知识分别提高10.66和10.68个百分点,认同避孕套预防作用提高12.79个百分点,用过避孕套的仅有12.50％;乡村医生艾滋病知识知晓率从31.30％上升到90.90％,其中39.39％的相关知识来源于该项目培训;流动人口避孕套使用率和固定性伴率分别从39.83％和47.86％上升到58.40％和72.69％;中学生艾滋病知识提高6.50～22.90个百分点;结论 在黎族人群中开展综合性健康教育活动能有效提高性病、艾滋病的知识水平,增强自我防护能力。

Object To improve the knowledge level and the consciousness of self- protection against STD and HIV/AIDS in Li Minority Nationalities. Methods Comprehensive health education activities were conducted for providing health knowledge, to the local inhabitants through multimedia, holding health education training courses for training of village doctors, opening health education lessons in middle school , supplying the sexually active inhabitants with condoms with no charge, etc.. Results After the intervention the correct rate of STD and HIV/AIDS knowledge in this ethnic groups enhanced 10.66% and 10.68% , respectively.The knowledge concerning the function of condom increased from 31.30% to 90.90% .The condom use rate in the mobile population and those with fixed and sexually active companions increased from 39.83% and 47.86% to 58.40% and 72.69%, respectively. An increase of by 6.50%- 22.90% was observed in middle school students. Conclusion Comprehensive health education can markedly enhance the level of STD and HIV/AIDS knowledge in II Minority Nationalities and strengthening their capability for self protection.