美国政治中的媒体与国会选举

Media and the Congressional Election in American Politics

本文通过对美国国会选举中候选人竞选策略和媒体作用的具体描述 ,分析了媒体作为美国政治的交流工具在国会选举中的作用。作者特别就美国中期选举的一些特点 ,探讨了候选人与选民沟通的主要途径 ,揭示了现代国会选举中的“市场化”倾向和媒体之间的复杂关系。作者还结合国会选举制度改革与媒体之间的积极互动和重重矛盾 ,阐述了美国政治中媒体“操纵”国会选举的一些具体方法和原因 ,指出了美国国会选举改革的复杂性。

This paper analyzes the role media play in American politics, particularly in Congressional elections. It describes campaign strategies and media's function in midterm elections. Means of communication between candidates, media, and voters are explored to illustrate the trend of 'marketization' of Congressional elections and the complicated relationship between media and the Congress. By investigating into both positive interactions as well as confrontations, the authors demonstrate how and to what extent the media have 'manipulated' the Congressional elections. Reasons are combed to show the mixed features of Congressional electoral reform.