对理性解释模式的拒斥和否定——对强纲领哲学立场的考察

The Denial and Rejection of the Rational Explanation--Reviewing the Philosophical Stands of Strong Programme

本文试图阐明拒斥理性模式是强纲领的基本特征和重要目标。法利和盖森关于巴斯德-普歇的自然发生说之争的案例研究表明拒斥理性模式是走向社会学模式的前提;强纲领四原则,尤其对称性原则对立于理性解释模式;布鲁尔与理性解释模式的差异在于他选择科学与其他文化之间的类似性,而非二者差别作为研究出发点。文章认为:强纲领背后的驱动原则是理性不能因果地解释科学信仰。

This essay will illustrate that the denial of rational explanation is the basic character and important target of strong programme.Farley and Geison's case-study in the Pasteur-Pouchet debate over Spontaneous Generation illustrates that the denial of rational explanation is the precondition to sociological explanation.The core claim of strong programme,especially the symmetry principle,is on opposition to rational explanation.Differerent from rational explanation,Bloor chooses the similarity between science and other cultures as the start, not the difference between the two. In the essay,it's believed that the driving principle behind the strong programme is that rationality can't sufficiently explain the change of the scientific belief.