晚清对韩政策的演变与教训

Evolvement and Lessons From the Late Qing Dynasty's Policies for Korea

自 1 9世纪中叶到 2 0世纪初的半个多世纪中 ,中韩两国都面临反对日本及西方列强侵略、捍卫民族独立的伟大任务。长期以天国自居的清朝从自身安全和传统关系考虑 ,帮助韩国实行对外开放、“以夷制夷”、均势外交、谋求发展的政策。但由于当时清朝和韩国的腐败落后 ,这种政策没有收到预期效果。通过明治维新实力大增的日本积极推行侵略性的“大陆政策” ,给东亚人民带来深重灾难。中韩两国人民的抗日斗争经历了艰苦曲折的道路。历史证明 ,落后就要挨打 ,腐败必然亡国 ,实力与正义才是一个国家的立国和胜利之本。

In the half century from the middle 19th century to the early 20th century, both China and Korea were faced with the great common task of resisting the invasion from Japan and western powerful countries and protecting the national independence. On the consideration of its own security and traditional relationship with Korea, the Qing Dynasty, who over a long period of time had considered itself as the Empire of Heaven, helped Korea with implementing the policies of opening to outside world, “Yi Yi zhi Yi' (meaning resisting others by using conflict among themselves), balance diplomacy, and seeking development. However the series of policies failed to get the expected effect due to the corruption and backwardness of the Qing Dynasty and Korea. Japan, who had become much more powerful through the Mingzhi Reformation, actively implemented its aggressive “Mainland Policy”, inducing heavy disasters to the people of East\|Asian Countries. The fighting to resist Japan by the people of China and Korea had been on an arduous and winding road.