对侵权民事责任构成要件的思考

A Reflection on Major Components of Civil Liability for Tort

侵权民事责任的构成要件在司法实践中有很大的实用价值。在具体应用中应注意四个要件的逻辑顺序,因果关系在实践中的应用以及主观过错的判定是决定民事责任的主要依据。民事责任的归责原则只能是过错责任原则。无过错责任原则是过错责任原则的特殊情况、必要补充,不可任意扩大无过错责任的范围。

The major components of civil liability for tort have great practical value in judicial practice. In application, attention must be paid to the logical sequence of the four major components. The practical use of the cause -effect relationship and the judgement of subjective fault are the foundation for civil liabilty. The principle of taking responsibility for civil liability is the principle of fault liability. The principle of liability without fault is the exceptional case and necessary complement of the principle of fault liability. The coverage of liability without fault cannot be extended arbitrarily.