化工工人接触一氧化碳与恶性肿瘤死亡关系的回顾性队列研究

A retrospective cohort study of cancer among workers exposed to carbon monoxide.

用回顾性队列研究方法对接触CO的1708名工人在1971～1985年的死亡情况进行分析,用当地居民及不接触毒物的轧钢厂工人做对照。结果表明,工作现场历年CO浓度平均值超标比较严重。与对照比较,全癌亡、肝癌亡的SMR值差别高度显著;胃癌亡、肺癌亡的SMR值差别显著。全癌亡高峰比当地居民提前10岁。接触CO30年以后全癌亡人数增加明显。全癌亡随年代呈上升趋势。50年代以前参加工作的工人或25岁以前参加工作的工人全癌亡率较高。粗线条反映出接触CO与恶性肿瘤死亡的剂量反应关系。

A retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted at a chemical plant in Dalian to investigate the mortality patterns of 1708 workers exposed to carbon monoxide from Januaury 1,1971 to December 31, 1985. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were used to compare the death rates of the study group with that of the control consisting of the city residents and of two steel plants where 1133 employees did not exposed to the toxicants. The levels of carbon monoxide at the workplaces during 1971～1982 were much higher than the current permissible exposure level. There were statistically significant excesses of deaths of all cancer and liver cancer, stomach cancer and lung cancer for the cohort of workers exposed to CO. The death rate of all cancer reached its peak 10 years earlier than that of the residents. The SMRs for all cancer appeared to be markedly increased after 30 yeats exposure to CO. They also increased with calendar year. Patterns of mortality according to age or working years showed tbat the highest SMRs were found among those workers began to work younger than 25 years of age as well as earlier than 1950. It tended to have a dose-response relationship between CO exposure and death of all cancers.