朱砂叶螨对三种杀螨剂的抗性选育与抗性风险评估

Selection and risk assessment of resistance to fenpropathrin, abamectin and pyridaben in Tetranychus cinnabarinus

为评价朱砂叶螨Tetranychuscinnabarinus对 3种杀螨剂的抗性风险 ,在实验室抗性品系选育基础上 ,应用数量遗传学中的域性状分析法 ,研究了朱砂叶螨北碚种群对甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素和哒螨灵 3种杀螨剂的抗性现实遗传力 ,并对 3种药剂在不同杀死率下抗性发展的速率进行了预测。结果表明 :分别单一连续汰选 16代后 ,朱砂叶螨对甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素的抗性倍数分别达 2 6 5 4和 4 5 1倍 ,对哒螨灵表现为敏感性降低 (抗性倍数为 1 16倍 ) ;朱砂叶螨对甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素和哒螨灵的抗性现实遗传力分别为 0 2 4 72 ,0 15 19和 0 0 16 0。在室内选择条件下 ,杀死率为 5 0 %～ 90 %时 ,要获得 10倍抗性 ,甲氰菊酯仅需要 13～ 6代 ,阿维菌素需要约 2 1～ 10代 ;哒螨灵需要约 197～ 89代 ;在田间选择 ,三种药剂都将需要更长的时间。抗性筛选 16代结果表明 ,抗性风险较高的是菊酯类的甲氰菊酯 ,其次是生物源农药阿维菌素 ,杂环类的哒螨灵抗性风险较小。

Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boiduval), originating from Beibei, Chongqing, were continuously selected for resistance to fenpropathrin, abamectin and pyridaben. After 16 generations, resistance to fenpropathrin, abamectin and pyridaben had increased by 26 54 , 4 51 , and 1 16 fold, respectively. The realized heritability of resistance and resistance risk of T. cinnabarinus to these three acricides were evaluated using threshold trait analysis. The realized heritability of resistance to fenpropathrin, abamectin, and pyridaben was 0 2472, 0 1519, and 0 0160, respectively. Theoretically, to obtain a 10 fold increase in resistance requires 13-6 generations for fenpropathrin, 21-10 generations for abamectin, and 197-89 generations for pyridaben under selective pressure of 50%-90% mortality for each selective generation. Field populations would be expected to require more generations to obtain the same resistance levels. Of these three acaricides, the resistance risk was highest for fenpropathrin followed by abamectin and pyridaben. These results provide some basis for the management of pesticide resistance in T. cinnabarinus .