中国剑角蝗科部分属种雌性下生殖板的形态及演化(直翅目:蝗总科)

Morphology of female subgenital plates and evolution of some Chinese genera of Acrididae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

从 2 0世纪 6 0年代至今的一些研究已基本肯定了蝗虫雌性下生殖板的分类价值。本文选择了中国剑角蝗科 6属 10种蝗虫对其雌性下生殖板进行了形态学和演化分析。结果表明雌性下生殖板的形态在研究的 6属内都是稳定的 ,属间差异明显。这 6个属的系统发育关系为 :(卡蝗属 ((佛蝗属 ,戛蝗属 ) ,(菊蝗属 (蝗属 ,剑角蝗属 ) ) ) ) ,这一结果和形态分类是一致的 ,支持长腹蝗亚科从剑角蝗科分开。文中还分析了剑角蝗科雌性下生殖板各性状的演化方向。

The morphology of female subgenital plate in grasshoppers is closely related to both copulation and oviposition. It is widely accepted that subgenital plate morphology is also informative in grasshopper taxonomy. In this paper, ten species belonging to six genera of Acrididae from China were selected, and their female subgenital plates examined after dissection from the body. The data were then used in a cladistic analysis. The results show that the characters of female subgenital plate are homologous and vary among different genera. The phylogeny of these six genera is ( Carsula ((Phlaeoba, Gonista), (Phlaeobida (Gelastorhinus, Acrida )))),which is congruous with the cladistic results based on other morphological data, and in agreement with the viewpoint that the Leptacrinae be separated from Acrididae. The results also show the evolutionary directions of all 15 characters of female subgenital plates among the six genera.